While choosing a magazine to review for my essay, I decided to read one with which I’ve had experience in the past decade. My parents subscribe to Newsweek, making it the most familiar for me. I’ve glanced at each issue most months since I began high school six years ago, so I’m much more able to discuss similarities to today’s version than I would be with Time or Life. For my essay, I chose the December 21, 1964 edition of Newsweek with the knowledge that the United States was becoming accustomed to life without JFK, a national rivalry with Soviet Russia, an ever-growing unrest with the spread of Communism, and a controversial war in Vietnam.
In many respects, the 1964 edition of Newsweek surprised me greatly. I expected that in the days leading up to Christmas, a nation whose consumer-driven culture had exploded over the last decade would surely place an emphasis on the advertising of potential Christmas decorations or presents. I was surprised to find that the majority of advertisements contained endorsements for banks, insurance corporations, and investing companies. The only Christmas advertisement I found wasn’t even for a product; it was a full page taken out to persuade readers that, in accordance with the popular Christmas hymn, joy was meant for the entire world (including Vietnam).
Newsweek itself also rarely referred to Christmas. Other than an article describing the habits of holiday shoppers of the season (which debunked my theory that advertisements were nowhere to be found due to a potential short-lived recession by stating that sales were up 6% from the previous year), not a single article discussed the holiday. This was a severe contrast to what I expected: a seasonal edition featuring multiple fluff pieces and pages upon pages of advertising for the “hottest toy of the year.”
The December issue of Newsweek in 1964 seemed to cover international and political issues more than anything. A great emphasis was placed on informing readers of the goings-on in Europe, including an article by Walter Lippmann titled, “What Preoccupies the Europeans.” Lippmann discusses “the four leading countries in Western Europe today”, covering Great Britain, Germany, Italy, and France. Lippmann is of the opinion that Germany is preoccupied by the removal of the Berlin Wall and the reestablishment of a single German state, Britain is preoccupied by the removal of military in empirical colonies and the stabilization of its economy, Italy is preoccupied by the debate between conservatives on the right and Communists on the left, and France is preoccupied by the restoration of self-respect and self-confidence by General de Gaulle following the defeats of 1940. He continues on to state that while Britain, Italy, and Germany are dependent on Washington, France has become fiercely independent.
One article I found to be interesting was a piece discussing the similarities between the 1888 killings in England by Jack the Ripper and a string of killings along the River Thames in 1964 by a man the media had come to refer to as Jack the Stripper. According to Scotland Yard, five prostitutes were murdered in similar circumstances throughout the year. The article states that after the first two, media attention was negligent. However, following the third murder by a potential serial killer, newspaper attention skyrocketed and Jack the Stripper was born. As of the December 21st edition of Newsweek, Jack the Stripper remained at large. I found the similarities between Jack the Ripper and his copycat-killer to be intriguing, so I conducted extra research to discover that the killings stopped after 1965 and Jack the Stripper was never found.
Another article that caught my eye was the story of Che Guevara, Fidel Castro’s appointment as representative to the United Nations. The story outlined the dramatic details of Guevara’s visit to New York for a UN general assembly meeting. Guevara was reviled in America by opponents of Castro’s Communist regime in Cuba, who demonstrated outside the building while Guevara gave his speech disparaging America and its South American allies for “preparing for aggression against Cuba.” While giving his speech, mayhem reigned outside the building. Ten minutes into Guevara’s tirade, a woman clad in black leather jumped a low hedge and rushed towards the building with a knife before being subdued by police. While the authorities were still dealing with the commotion, a bomb went off in the East River nearby, shooting a geyser into the air. Police bomb experts later identified the bomb as a U.S. Army launcher, usually fired from the shoulder. The bomb maker had attached a home-made timing device to ensure detonation at the correct time. Che Guevara, a figure I had rarely heard of before the article, was clearly a polarizing man at the time to attract a knife-wielding attacker and a bomb detonation in the span of forty minutes.
While I expected Newsweek to provide a serious look at national news, I was truly surprised to see a lack of lighthearted holiday coverage and advertising. I expected a few stories, if not an entire section, about Christmas. Overall, I prefer the coverage provided in the December 1964 Newsweek to the editions sold today. Each issue was covered in depth with detailed writing, making each story understandable to the reader.